Hi everyone,

When  it comes to man-made wonders,there are thousands of wonders in this world. That man has made a great historical heritage with his skill and craftsmanship. There are some masterpieces that millions of people took several decades to create. Today my topic is about the Great Wall of China.

This wall, which passes through nine provinces of china, was built by six Chinese royal families with these states had built huge walls to protect their borders. Friends, the family that had the opportunity to rule China from 21 BC to 206 BC, brought together vall the smaller states to form the United Kingdom of China. The king of that time, Qin Shi Huang, combined all these small kingdoms to form one huge state. And then started building a gigantic wall. 

In the early days, a few empires were combined to form a large wall that was  about five thousand kilometres long. After that, the altitude and strength of this wall continued increase in the era of different governors. But most of the wall was built in the 14th to 17th centuries during the Ming dynasty.

According to one estimate, the most extensive formation of this wall was made in the era (1368-1644) during the Ming dynasty 1368-1398 (first) Hongwu Emperor 1402-1424Yongle Emperor 1572-1620 (longest) Wanli Emperor 1627-1644 (last) Chongzhen Emperor They constructed eight thousand eight hundred kilometres of the wall. The total period of construction of this wall spans two thousand years. This was revealed in a 2012 survey, the length of all parts of this wall is 13,178 miles or 21,196 kilometres.

Why was this wall built?

Mongolia is a country of the Mongol nation in the north of China. In ancient times, the nomad invaders of the Mongol nation used to invade China and its environs. By depriving the Xi Jinping dynasty, in 1234, Genghis Khan laid the foundation of the Mongol Empire in China, Genghis Khan's forces crossed the Great Wall of China and entered China from the northern border. This was the first time in fourteen centuries that gypsies from the Gobi Desert had established their dominance on such a large scale. In 1368, the Ming dynasty expelled the Mongolian army from China and strengthened the northern border. Construction of the wall resumed in 1420 during the reign of the Ming dynasty. In the same period, forts, roads and some distance from the Great Wall of China facilitated the guards. 

 In the same era, military castles and roads were built, and at some distance from the Great Wall of China, Watch Towers were also constructed for the guards. so that the enemy could be monitored. According to historians, 25,000 watch Tower were built and the distance between each tower differed. Some of these towers were very close while some were located at the distance, more than 3 miles from one another. The watchtowers were three stories high and had attics on their roofs to keep an eye on the enemy. These watchtowers were also used to send signals to one another. If there was an attack on a spot, others were informed about the invading, by lighting a fire in the tower. According to research, signals could be sent up to 620 miles away from a tower, in one day. According to an estimate 800,000 people contributed to the construction of the wall, including 300,000 soldiers and 500,000 Chinese civilians.

Thank you

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