Tamil Nadu is one of the 28 states of India.  It is also popularly known as Tamil Nadu.  Its capital is Chennai.  Tamil Nadu is located at the southern tip of the Indian subcontinent.  Its territorial boundaries are Kerala, Karunadakam and Andhra Pradesh in the west and north.  The state of Tamil Nadu borders Puducherry Union Territory, Puducherry and Karaikal.  Sri Lanka has a maritime border with the country.  It is geographically bounded by the Eastern Ghats to the north, the Western Ghats to the west by the Neelamalai escarpment, the Annai Mountain escarpment, and the Palakkad Pass, to the east by the Bay of Bengal, to the southeast by the Gulf of Mannar and the Straits of Baku, and to the south by the Indian Ocean.Tamil Nadu is known as Madras State in English and Chennai Province in Tamil.  Protests were held to change it to `Tamil Nadu'.  For that, Sankaralinganar fasted for 76 days and gave up his life.[11]  Later the name of Madras City was changed to Tamil Nadu in 1969.

Tamil Nadu is the tenth largest state in India by area and sixth largest in population.  It is also the second largest contributor to India's GDP.[12]  In 2006, it was ranked tenth on the Human Development Index (sixteenth when including the United States).[13]  It is also the most urbanized state in India.[14]  With 6% of India's population, it is the state with the highest number of commercial establishments (10.56%) and the second highest number of employment opportunities (9.97%)[15].

BC  Tamils ​​have been living in this area since 500 BC.  Tamil language inscriptions and literature dating back more than 20000 years are available.[16][Citation needed] According to mythological tradition, the Tamil language is believed to have been taught to Agathiyar by Lord Shiva.[17][18][19][20][21][22]  [23][24]  Tamil Nadu is rich in natural resources, temples inspired by Tamil architecture, hilltops, coastal resorts, places of worship of many religions;  There are eight World Heritage Sites in Tamil Nadu.[25][26]Tamil Nadu has a history of more than 6000 years.  There are various opinions about the origin of the Tamil people living here.  Some believe that the Tamils, who once spread all over India, were a branch of the extra-Indus civilization.  The southward migration of this race is associated with the Aryan invasion policy.  According to this theory, the Aryan invasion from the north forced the Tamils ​​into South India, which includes the present-day Indian states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Kerala.  Regardless of the historical facts, the identity of the modern Tamil people can be said to have been developed on the basis of the above principles.

The ancient Tamil Nadu, which included today's Tamil Nadu, was divided into various countries.  Many royal dynasties came from time to time.  The most prominent among them were the Pandyars, the Cheras, the Cholas, the Pallavas, the Chalukyas, the Vijayanagarats, and the Nayaks.

The above-mentioned Madurai is located south of present-day Madurai, and it is known through ancient literature that it was completely destroyed by the oceanic erosion that occurred later.  The Pandyan nation excelled in education and commerce.