Reason behind Europe getting hotter: 

1. Formation of heat dome – according to a report this extreme heat weather in Europe is due to the formation of a heat dome on much of Europe. Due to this January month of 2023 has seen the highest temperature in years. Heat Dome is an area of high pressure that traps warm air over a long period of time. The longer the air get trapped in one place, the stronger the heat rays makes the temperature in that particular area. Usually heat domes are formed for a few days, but sometimes they persist for weeks, generating deadly heat waves. Scientists say that there may or may not be a heat dome in the high pressure area, but when the air comes towards the surface, it gets heated. And as the air gets heated, the temperature of that area rises. The phenomenon of heat Dome is not new, but the climate change has made this more extensive and intense. 

2.  Disturbed jet stream  : Jet streams have a wave like pattern which continuously move from north to South. When these waves become large and longer, their speed slows down. There might be a time as well when these waves stop. This leads to the formation of high pressure system which then leads to the formation of a heat dome more the temperature rises, the waves of the jet stream become more high and wavy. Which leads to the frequency of heat waves.  This is exactly what is happening in Europe. Europe climate is getting modulated by the jet streams.

3.  Soil is getting dry: When the soil is wet, it acts as a buffer against the extreme heat that is coming on the ground. But recently in Europe, especially in the month of July, there has been seen a lot of heat waves and one cause for that is also the dry that has been going around in Europe because of less rain.

4. slow ocean currents: ocean currents is nothing but the continuous predicted directional movement of seawater. Gravity, water density and Coriolis effect are some factors which play a huge role in ocean currents. 
 

According to the experts, it is not possible to establish a cause and effect relationship between heat waves as all these factors are quite dynamic. But one thing is for sure. That in the coming time Europe is going to face a lot problems due to These heat waves. European policy makers now have a new concern.  The European policy maker should not be waiting for new climatic policies coming up. Rather, they should take actions for what they are facing right now so that they can help themselves in the coming future.

Thankyou🌼