The mountain gorilla is a subspecies of the eastern gorilla and is found in the mountainous regions of central Africa, primarily in the Virunga Mountains that border Rwanda, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, as well as the Bwindi Impenetrable Forest in Uganda. They are one of the world's most endangered animals, with only an estimated 1,063 individuals remaining in the wild as of 2018.

Mountain gorillas are the largest living primates, with males weighing up to 440 pounds and females weighing up to 220 pounds. They have thick, black fur that helps them to stay warm in their cool mountain habitat. Their diet consists mainly of vegetation, including leaves, stems, and bamboo shoots, but they have also been known to eat small invertebrates on occasion.

One of the most interesting things about mountain gorillas in their social behavior. They live in groups called troops, which are usually led by a dominant male known as a silverback. The Silverback is responsible for protecting the troop and maintaining order and will use his size and strength to defend his family against threats. Troops can consist of up to 30 individuals, including females and their offspring.

Mountain gorillas are also known for their unique vocalizations, which they use to communicate with each other. They can make a variety of sounds, including grunts, hoots, and roars, and use different vocalizations to express emotions such as fear, anger, and contentment.

While they are one of the most endangered animals in the world, there have been successful conservation efforts to protect mountain gorillas and their habitat. One of the most famous conservation success stories is the work done by Dian Fossey, an American primatologist who spent many years studying mountain gorillas in Rwanda. Her work brought attention to the plight of these animals and led to the creation of the Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda, which is now a protected area for the gorillas.

Despite these conservation efforts, mountain gorillas still face many threats, including habitat loss, disease, and poaching. However, there is hope for their future, as the number of individuals in the wild has been slowly increasing in recent years.

In conclusion, the mountain gorilla is a fascinating and highly endangered animal that is found in the mountainous regions of central Africa. They are known for their size, unique social behavior, and vocalizations, as well as their critical role in their ecosystem. While they face many threats, there have been successful conservation efforts to protect them and their habitat, and there is hope for their future.