Indian Space Organization (ISRO) is planning to send Chandrayaan 2 spacecraft to the moon. The spacecraft was originally scheduled to launch in April. Then it is decided to pay in October.

This spacecraft is going to achieve a feat that no other country like America, Russia, China and Japan have done so far.

All the probes of other countries that have landed on the moon before this have landed in the equatorial region of the moon. But now the probe that India is going to send is going to land near the south pole of the moon. This is the first time a probe has landed on the south pole of the Moon.

Moon is about 3 lakh 84 thousand kilometers from earth. It is constantly orbiting the earth. Many spacecraft have been sent to the moon so far.

American astronauts have visited the moon six times to collect rocks and soil. They have been studied extensively by scientists. Yet many things about the moon, including its origin, are still enigmatic.

It may be recalled that India sent a spacecraft named Chandrayaan 1 in 2008 to explore the moon. The spacecraft took three-dimensional images of the lunar landscape. Besides, the American research instrument on board the Chandrayaan discovered the fact that water bodies appear and disappear on the Moon, but this is considered Chandrayaan's achievement.

Chandrayaan 1 spacecraft is now being launched by Chandrayaan 2. It has three parts namely mother cell, descending cell and research cell.

The previous Chandrayaan 1 spacecraft was launched by a PSLV rocket. Chandrayaan 2 will now be launched by a giant rocket known as GSLV Mark 2.

Once aloft, it does not go directly to the moon. It will orbit the earth several times in an elliptical orbit. Each time the other end moves farther. Eventually at some point it will get caught in the Moon's gravitational pull and start orbiting the Moon. It may take a month or two to reach the moon this way. This strategy is employed to reach the moon with minimal fuel consumption.

After reaching the moon it will start orbiting the moon so that it is always at an altitude of 100 km above the moon.

After that, the descent cell from the Chandrayaan 2 spacecraft will detach itself and start its downward descent. Landing on the moon is a very complicated matter. If only the moon has an atmosphere, it can be easily parachuted down.

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