Nano urea is being widely promoted for some time now.  'Nano' is a Greek word that means very fine.  The number of fine particles of urea that reaches the plants, in the same quantity the plants will also get its benefits and the growth of the plants will be.  

Based on this, the fertilizer prepared in liquid form by the Indian Farmers and Fertilizer Cooperative (IFFCO) has been named Nano Urea.  IFFCO has also taken a patent for this product.  IFFCO has the monopoly of its sale and distribution.  

No other organization, person, corporation, or company can manufacture this product unless IFFCO gives its consent.  Nano urea is being promoted a lot.  This product has been approved by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research and Research (ICAR) only after two tests, whereas the new product is generally approved after three tests. 

 The reason for approving nano urea even if one test is less can be given by that institution only.  The claims regarding Nano Urea need to be tested on the test of facts.  In crops, urea is used for the first time at the time of sowing or transplanting and for the second time after 20-30 days after the leaves appear in the crop.  

On the other hand, nano urea solution is used only after the leaves appear.  Its use at the time of sowing is not possible • Granular urea is also used at the time of sowing.  Spraying of granular urea is possible, as urea is a polar compound that is completely soluble in water.  Spraying with nano urea solution also requires more time with the water tanks, pipe, and spraying equipment.  

Spraying of a bottle of nano urea according to the assessment of farmers For this a person has to work for a whole day whose labor value is more than Rs.300.  Thus, a bottle of nano urea costs Rs 540, while a 45 kg bag of granular urea can be sprayed in half an hour.  This is the reason why farmers avoid taking nano urea. 

 Therefore, a strategy is being adopted to compel the cooperative institutions and private sellers who purchase granular urea and DAP from IFFCO for its sale, to take nano urea.  The condition of compulsion to purchase one bottle of Nano Urea along with a bag of DAP and Urea has been imposed.  This is a clear violation of the Competition Act, 2002 of India.  

In such cases, there is a provision to take self-cognizance by the commission, even then cognizance has not been taken yet.  If nano urea had worked as a miracle of cost reduction and increased yield, then like granular urea and DAP, those taking nano urea would have to stand in long queues.  

The use of Nano Urea was approved by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research in February 2021 based on the 2019-2020 trial.