manufacturing embody a huge spectrum of substances 
starting from silviculture (woodland), agriculture (field), aquaculture (clean and sea 
water) and business and social sports that produce natural wastes residues 
(meals processing, city refuse, etc.). When vegetation are cultivated particularly for the 
motive of electricity, it's miles referred to as electricity farming. 
1. Forests 
Forests; herbal in addition to cultivated, function a supply of gasoline wood, 
charcoal and manufacturer gas. Forest waste and residues from woodland processing 
industries may be applied on the mill itself. Forest useful resource is consumed, now no longer simply 
for firewood however additionally for sawn timber, papermaking and different business purposes. 
Some rapid developing electricity extensive timber which includes eucalyptus, poplar, pine are 
in particular cultivated for the motive of electricity. 
Some vegetation produce seeds (or nuts) to yield vegetable oil on pressing. 
This serves as a liquid bio-gasoline (bio-diesel). There are  classes of oil- 
generating vegetation: (a) wild vegetation, e.g. Jojoba (a shrub, generating nuts), Karanj (a 
tree typically used on roadsides in India, produces seeds), etc., which takes care 
of themselves and (b) agricultural crops, e.g. Jatropha curcas (Ratanjyot, 
produces seeds) etc., which require not unusualplace agricultural techniques. There are 
greater than three hundred distinct species of oil bearing timber; maximum of them are wild and do 
now no longer require an awful lot care and effort. These vegetation are pretty hardy, require little 
water, can face up to extreme drought and pest, can live to tell the tale in warm and bloodless climates 
and may develop on maximum soil types. In India, the revel in with a wild, oil-bearing 
tree, Karanj (Pongamia pinnata) has been encouraging. It is expected that the 
plantation of Jatropha on 30 million-hectares could produce equal bio-gasoline 
which can absolutely update the modern-day use of fossil fuels withinside the country. 
2. Agricultural Residues 
Crop residues which includes straw, rice husk, coconut shell, groundnut shell, sugarcane  
bagasse etc., are gasified to attain manufacturer gas. Alternatively, those are  
transformed to gasoline pellets or briquettes and used as strong gasoline. 
3. Energy Crops 
Certain cultivated vegetation produce uncooked fabric for bio-fuels. The finest potential  
for electricity farming happens in tropical countries, particularly people with adequate  
rainfall and soil condition. 
(a)Sugar Plants Sugarcane is a chief uncooked fabric supply for bio-ethanol.  
Various merchandise from sugarcane are proven in Fig. Alcohol represents only  
30 in step with cent of the whole sugar cane electricity. About 35 in step with cent is to be had in  
bagasse and any other 35 in step with cent in leaves and tops of the sugarcane plant.  
Sweet sorghum additionally components uncooked fabric for ethanol manufacturing, particularly  
at some point of low season deliver for the sugar mills. Sugar beet components uncooked  
fabric for ethanol manufacturing.