The earth's surface is uninhabitable hundreds of years in the future. Our species migrates into the ocean, abandoning our terrestrial towns, and starts a new era underwater.

Could we create cities and neighbourhoods on the ocean floor?

Could our species use bio-domes and enormous air bubbles to populate the ocean?

If our planet's surface can no longer support humans,

Will there ever be submerged human life?

Earth's surface area is around 197 million square miles, however water covers 71% of our world. About 80% of that water has never been investigated.

In a logical sense, studying the ocean is like researching a different planet. Humans rely on specialised technology to research subaquatic ecosystems because we are unable to breathe underwater or in an alien atmosphere.

Ocean research is a never-ending challenge:

But let's step beyond the realm of science for a second. The population of our species might reach stratospheric heights in the twenty-first century—an estimated 11 billion by 2090. As our population grows, so will our ecological imprint.

The climate on Earth will deteriorate into something hazardous. The average temperature of the entire planet will rise by several degrees. The world's ecosystems might be destroyed by violent storms, sweltering heat waves, and contagious illnesses.

Humans may need to leave Earth before the end of the twenty first century because of its unlivable circumstances. In addition to causing significant harm, a natural catastrophe also has the potential to drastically alter life on Earth's surface.

For instance, a succession of massive, super-volcanic eruptions might contaminate the atmosphere with hazardous substances and force people to leave the earth's surface.

Where would we go, though?

Humans may flee to underwater sanctuaries, complete communities constructed beneath the ocean waves, in order to safely avoid climatic changes and poisons in the atmosphere. The colonisation of the ocean may be required if the surface becomes inhospitable in order to ensure the survival of our species:

But there's a more important query that we haven't yet answered.

Could people survive underwater?

A brief list of fundamental human requirements must be met by any ecosystem built on the ocean. A functional settlement must provide the security, well-being, and comfort of its citizens; nevertheless, meeting even the most basic requirements for people poses a number of particular difficulties. Humans can breathe freely in terrestrial settings, but they must need technology, such as scuba gear, to breathe in and out underwater.

We need a steady supply of oxygen to survive in the water, much like astronauts do in space. We need to construct a breathable atmosphere, similar to a large bubble spinning a continuous supply of breathable air, before we can develop towns and residences on the ocean floor.