The ancient Egyptians believe in life after death. They preserved the bodies of dead by mummification . The members of the royal family were kept in the pyramids which were actually grand graves made for the Pharaohs . scientists have found mummies in many pyramids. the Egyptians empire arose 5000 years ago when the first pharaohs united the people in the south and the north .The pyramids and the temple of Abu Simbel , which have already been converted once , witness the highly advanced civilization of the Egyptians .
The river Nile flows through Egypt , which is very important for the country and makes it rich. A large part of Egypt is covered by desert. it hardly rains here but the country gets enough rains during the monsoon. during that period enough water gets collected in the river Nile . Earlier the increased water level would often lead to flood . In place of being harmful , these floods brought fertile soil to Egypt that is one of the reason that the Egyptians believe river Nile as their god . Nile was an important source of transportation and fish . This was the case till about 40 years ago. In 1970, a huge dam was built on the river of south of Egypt and everything changed .
The word ‘pharaoh’ comes from per aa meaning ‘large house’ . Egyptians rulers were called pharaohs from about 1500 BC . The pharaohs was worshipped like a god . He was the topmost judge and the supreme commander of the people . One of the most famous pharaohs was Ramses II . He built the temple Abu Simbel in order to show his power in the southern part of the country . The pharaoh Cheops built the great pyramid of Giza . Almost all the graves have been robbed by treasure seekers . The grave of the young ruler Tutankhamun , discovered in 1922 was the only grave in which the archaeologists found golden gave furnishings .
When the Aswan High Dam was built on the river Nile in 1970 , large part of south Egypt got flooded. As a result , the inhabitants of these regions had shifted elsewhere . Both of the rocky temples of Abu Simbel also faced the threat of sinking floods. The UNESCO , which has been entrusted by the united nations to preserve the cultural heritage of the world , got the temples relocated . To do this , they were cut in blocks each weighing a ton and were assembled at a new location .
