Introduction

Global warming is defined as the long-term increase in the temperature of the planet due to greenhouse effects, and human activities like the burning of fossil fuels along with agriculture. Since the pre-historic industrial period from 1850 to 1900, global warming has started. The earth’s average global temperature started increasing by 1 degree Celsius(1.8 Fahrenheit) with more increase of 0.2-degree celsius in more than a decade. 

Causes of Global Warming

The effects of global warming are felt throughout. There are many causes of global warming which are as divided into two categories as follows:

Manmade Causes of Global Warming  

• Industrial Development: A large amount of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere and are mostly produced by the burning of fossil fuels. The waste produced by industries, the oils, chemicals, and materials released from the industries as pollutants can cause landfills, and also affect the soil below the ground surfaces.
• Greenhouse Effect: The greenhouse effect allows the heat to trap by the sun which keeps the earth's temperature habitable. Greenhouse gases like CFCs(chlorofluorocarbons), methane, nitrous oxide, water vapor, and carbon dioxide all have increased emitting due to the industries that have caused an increase in the temperature of the earth's surface.
• Emission of gases through transportation: Most of the daily transportation includes trains, boats, trucks, cars, and planes which run mostly on fossil fuels. The use of such vehicles and transportation burns fuels to be emitted daily which is one of the causes of global warming. These effects could be lessened by using electric vehicles.
• Agriculture: A lot of green space is occupied for farming. Organic or chemical fertilizers like nitrous oxide, which is one of the strong greenhouse gases. Methane is also a greenhouse gas produced by the waste produced by animals that are used for agriculture. Other factors like farming factories and waste decomposition are one of the reasons for global warming.
• Deforestation: Deforestation is the process of cutting down trees and forests for wood purposes and land clearances for farming, urban infrastructure development, etc. About 15% of greenhouse gases are produced due to deforestation.

Natural Causes of Global Warming

• Volcanoes: It is one of the contributors to global warming when the volcano erupts the smoke and ashes produced cause a climatic effect in the atmosphere.
• Water vapor:Due to an increase in temperature the water evaporates and stays in the atmosphere in its gaseous form. It is one of the greenhouse gases that is the cause of global warming. 
• Forest fires/Forest blazes: Natural forest fires are one of the problems on earth. It causes huge losses and emits carbon into the atmosphere which increases the temperature.
• Melting of glaciers and permafrost: This mainly covers the main portion of polar regions, both north, and south poles. Most of the carbon is stored for many years in frozen soil. As global warming started it began releasing gases which are also included in greenhouse gases. 

Solar activity and grime are also other natural causes of global warming. 

Conclusion 

Global warming has impacted animals, natural habitats, and humans for ages. It has also led to health issues, ecological risks, danger to marine life, also cause floods in low-altitude regions. It has shown its effects for years. It is we who need to take measures to avoid and control it. 

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