Introduction 

Embedded system is one of the categories in the field of Electronics, whose applications are used in our day-to-day life. It is a system that is the combination of both hardware and software, used for specific purposes or specific applications, For eg: Electronic Appliances like a washing machine. The automobile industry has been replaced by its mechanical engineering with the addition and control of electronic systems that is nothing but automotive-embedded systems. Automotive embedded is one of the applications of embedded systems. Let's see the concept along with the CAN protocol that is used in the automobile industry. 

Automotive Embedded System

• It is a computer system that is embedded into the car to control it. 
• In 1968, the first embedded-based automobile system was developed by Volkswagen. 
• The main controller i.e microcontroller, digital signal processor, or another type of processor is called ECU(Electronic Control Unit). 
• Automotive embedded are classified as the powertrain and control, body electronic, multimedia applications, and integrated systems. Along with it some sensors and many ECUs are altogether known as system components.

• The application and features of the automotive embedded system used are an airbag system, GPS(Global Positioning System), and gyroscope that comes under the car navigation system,fuel-injection controller, anti-lock system, rain sensing wipers, emission controls, automatic car parking system with the help of sensors fitted in the car, event data recorder, smart adaptive cruise controls, Telematics, drive by wire, throttle and steer and many more. 

Concept of CAN bus protocol

• CAN also known as Controller Area Network /CAN protocol is the message-based communication protocol used for communicating between ECU and other parts of the vehicle. 
• It is a bus topology-based protocol consisting of a few wires and connects multiple devices.
•  It has two communication lines CANH(CAN high) and CANL(CAN Low). 
• It is used in the backbone, body, chassis, and powertrain region in automobiles.
•  It has a speed of 1Mbps, 8-bit data size, and has UTP (Unshielded Twisted pair cable) type of cabling.
• CAN bus is used in every kind of vehicle (cars, trucks, automobiles, etc), including ships, elevators, airplanes, and many other applications.
• Other than CAN protocol automotive embedded technology also consist of FlexRay, TTP, LIN bus protocol, etc.

Conclusion

Embedded system in the automobile industry has created digital transformation and evolution. Even some EVs(Electric Vehicles) use this system. India is one of the leading manufacturing countries as the automobile industry is concerned. Famous automobile companies like Bosch, Tesla Motor's driverless car, BMW, Mercedes, etc have been using various types of embedded system controllers. 

This technology satisfies client requirements and also makes cars well-equipped. One of the main concerns of the embedded system is that it provides safety and comfort in today's modern cars. The advanced embedded system in the car industry has been replaced and is being used for the past two decades. 

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