Well in first part we talked about evolution.Second part we talked about types of lighting. The third part is application and types of fixture available for lighting.

I own a lighting company by name Daril Lighting pvt ltd.

We are in this business since 43 years . 
Now lets look at the concept of indoor  lighting and types of fixture required.

This series we shall take only residential lighting.

In a bunglow or flat or farmhouse we have atleast 1 kitchen,1 bedroom and 1 living room. 
Lets start with kitchen:

This is the place in house where maximum usage of task lighting is necessary since we make food in it and do all food related cleaning activities.

So always use T5 or T bulb at 90 degree from where food is prepared.why? Because we donot want oil flames to touch the fixutre which can cause short circuit.And also with this position your shadow would not interfere in preparation of food.

For general lighting if you have POP ceiling use downlighters having greater degree of angle. 
 

Second is living room:

It has dinning table , sofa and TV

Well dinning table is for light mood atmosphere so we have a point where in you can put fancy items like a hanging or chandelier based on one’s taste. For sofa we have a wall point for wall light and if you have Art work then picture light is used. In showcase we use 1w or 3w cabinet fixture for lighting effect.

Now comes third and most important room bed room

Well lets start with wardrobe  you can have sensor based cabinet lights.Need a classy mirror light in bathroom .Keep lights with minimum wattage since we spend minimum time in bedroom.

Have a night lamp spot for night vision.

Table lamp for study table.

Can have cove lighting with led strips for soothing night experience. 

For balcony use outdoor lights which is IP55 plus rated.

For bathroom use IP44 and above fixture.

For terrace we can use bulkhead lights for General lighting purpose.

If you have garden can use bollards, outdoor wall light (up and down), spike, flood light.

For porch you can use sensor based ourdoor ceiling light which switches on and off when a person is detected.

Now what is IP rating .It is rating used as per level of water contact of fixture.

IP20 is general rating for all indoor lighting.

IP44 is for bath room where you have some humidity.

IP55 is outdoor but without any water contact.

IP65 and IP66 is outdoor fixture which can withstand rain.

IP67 and IP68 is under water fixture this fixture should always work on 12v else it is dangerous