Today I give you whole details about India's GAGANYAAN MISSION .

·  First we see the objectives of the mission.

·  The union cabinet approved ₹ 10,000 crore fund for India’s 1st human Space Flight programme Known as “ Gaganyaan “.

·    Yes, it orginally intended to send astronauts into space from India.

·   Scientist decide to launch  “Gaganyaan “ mission by 2022. However, the mission has been delayed due to the restriction imposed in view of the COVID-19   pandemic.

 -    “gaganyaan “ Program will include three components under which :-

• Two(2) Shall be unmanned flight  and 1 shall be human Space Flight .
• As far as carryin capacity of Space Flight is considered, ISRO Plan to send 3 astronauts to a Low earth orbit of 300-400 km by GSLV MARK-3 Vehicle Which is indigenously built by ISRO.
• ISRO Also launching test flight with humanoid – “VYOMMITRA” To conduct microgravity experiment.

COMPONENTS OF GAGANYAAN MISSION

• Rocket
• Crew module
• CARE
• Environmental control and life support system( ECLSS)

ROCKET: - GSLV MK-3  Or Which would take a CREW module into space. It is Indegenous cryogenic engine Which is capable of delivering have you payloads into space.

• Cryogenic engine are the engines which work on fuels stored at a very low temperature and it enhances It’s efficiency in terms of range as well as the payloads.
• in 2014, ISRO successfully tested an experimental flight of GSLV MK-3.
• This is the rocket which will take the crew into the low earth orbit.

CREW MODULE

·  This will be the capsule in which astronaut will be carried into low earth orbit.

· Rocket is going to carry two kind of modules:-

1.  Service module  - It will carry many Other technologies and safety features which are designed to protect the Crew module.

2.  Crew module- It will carry three Indians selected by Indian Air Force

·     These people are being sent to Russia’s Space Center for further training.

CARE –( crew Module  atmospheric re-entry technology)

·     This is the main thing which separates the Normal satellite from manned mission

·     Now, You see satellites that are launched for communication or remote sensing are meant to remain in the space they are not expected to come back to the earth however, a Manned's  Spacecraft needs to come back on the surface and While, entering or re entering into earth atmosphere, the spacecraft Needs to withstand Very high temperature Created due to friction .

·     Hence, it is extremely important for the overall system to have a CARE Technology.

·     ISRO Already conducted a successful experiment in 2014 in itself and hence, ISRO Is ready for this technology.

PAT ( PAD ABORT TEST) – Crew escape system

·   Rocket in themselves are extremely complicated machines, due to minor error, the whole mission can collapse and burn Into Ashes in few seconds.

·  And since, these are manned Missions we need to be extra cautious.

·  Hence, Crew escape system has been designed is an emergency accident avoidance measure Designed to quickly get astronauts and there Spacecraft away from the launch vehicle if a malfunction occurs  During the initial stage of the launch.

·  ISRO has completed the 1st successful flight PAT Test.

 So, we saw that as far as with these three technologies are concerned, ISRO Is ready with the launch vehicle which is GSLV MK-3. ISRO Is also ready with CARE as well as PAT.

-  Now, For the manned mission in order for the humans to survive into space,  CREW module carrying These human beings must have conditions inside suitable for humans to live comfort ubly, and for that ECLSS Has been designed.

 ECLSS ( Environmental control and life support system)

• It will carry 4 main task

1.  It maintain steady cabin pressure and air composition without which humans cannot survive.

2.  It also efficiently remove carbon dioxide CO2 and other harmful gases automatically.

3.  It will control temperature and humidity of the cabin.

4.  As well as, it will manage other parameters and take immediately action. Like fire detection and suppression.

• Now ,This is the only technology with which ISRO  Is not ready so far.
• And the layout design and configuration of ECLSS Has been finalized but not tested yet.
• So this is that component of Gaganyaan which needs to be immediately prioritised by ISRO.