One of the main obstacles to a country's growth is unemployment. It means a situation where total number of vacancies is much less than the total number of job searching people. There are hundreds and thousands of people who do not have a job. Some people prefer to work in a job which does not belong to their academic qualification. Most of the graduates are looking for a Government job where there are low vacancies and it ultimately leads to increased competition and unemployment. Also, neglecting this issue will cause the country to collapse.
In a country like India, there are many reasons why the majority of the population is unemployed. some of these factors are population growth, seasonal employment, slow economic sector growth, focus on theoretical education, lack of alternative employment opportunities for the agriculture workers, technological advancement and the decline of the cottage industry. There are two types of unemployment.
Rural unemployment: Because of increased population in rural areas number of un utilised labor is more in the agricultural sector. About 80% of the laborers are involved in the agricultural sector. Depending on the climate, cropping pattern and socio economic factors, number of seasonal unemployment vary from location to location. As agriculture is the backbone of our country and it which majority of population is dependent, this seasonal unemployment has become a grave problem of rural India. A farmer sowing single crop in a year remains unemployed for nearly 5 to 7 months.
Urban unemployment: The rate of unemployment is more among the literate people than illiterates. Literate unemployment is also a serious problem to a country's economy. This includes technically skilled unemployed and general educated unemployment. The migration of people from rural to urban areas leads to increased availabilities of labors than the job opportunities. Use of machines and labor saving equipments also increased the problem of unemployment.
As a result, the following things happen in an economy which is an increase in poverty, an increase in crime rate, exploitation of labor, political instability, mental health, and loss of skills. The Government has taken some steps to overcome this issue, yet not been effective enough. The Government not only just initiate the programs but also need to check the progress of the schemes implemented and revise them if need to be. Otherwise unemployment will ultimately lead to the demise of the nation.
