Gout is  disease  ccondition, which is an inflammatory response  of the body due to formation of some crystals ( mono sodium urate crystals) secondary to high uric levels.

Manifestations 

1)Acute synovitis ( sudden inflammation of joint lining)

2)Chronic erosion and deformities along with joint complaint

3) Tophi formation ( swelling with hard chalky material inside

 4)Kidney stone

Normal uric acid levels

Pre-puberty - 3.5mg/dL ( in males and females)

Puberty- males -5.2 mg/dL, females- 4.7mg/dL

In males higher uric acid levrls are seen mainly between age 40 - 60 years

In females high levels of uric acid are seen mostly after menopause(50 years or above)

Risk factors :

Alcohol

Dietary excess( intake of food containing hig purin tha increase uric acid)

Surgery

Trauma (injury)

Sepsis( infections)

Stress

Starvation( lack of intake of food)

Dehydration

Some drugs.

Clinical features ( what are the symptoms and manifestations)

Asymptomatic hyperuricemia

In this condition, gout is an accidental finding. There will be high level of uric acid, but no symptoms of gout.

Acute gouty arthritis

 Big toe, is the classical site of affection. In ⅓ cases, it can be affected on tip of ankle joint.

It can also seen in knees and hand joints

Attack will be sudden

 mostly at night

joint and the surrounding tissues may become swollen.

Hot, red and shiny appearance of skin over it.

Extremely painful

May associate with mild fever and chills.

If left untreated it may last for 2 weeks  or more.

Intercritical gout

 It is the next episode of gout after 1 st attack.

Mostly within next one year.

The intensity and frequency  will increase as years passess.

Chronic gout

It occurs in patients with uncontrolled high level of uric acid, For a long duration, more than 10 years.

Tophi will develop on such patients with affection in mltiple joints.

Tophi are firm, nodular, round or elongated swelling. Overliying skin will be reddish.

Ulcerated tophi- white chalky material will release from ulcer.

Mainly seen on great toe, feet, hand joints, olecranon( elbow joint ).

Kidney disease

Uric acid crystals will get deposited in the tissues of kidney and uric acid stones are developed.

Calcium oxalate stones are also seen mostly in patients with high uric acid levels.

There will be associated high blpod pressure

Treatment

Medicinal treatment for sudden attack is necessary

 weight should be reduced.

Diet helps in reducing uric acid levels

Dietary management

There  are many beautiful medicines in homoeopathy for reducing uric acid levels.

Colochicum autumnale, Benzoic acid, Urtica urens, Ledum pal, Nux vomica, arnica, lycopodium, lithium carb, pulsatilla etc.. Are the medicines in homoeopathy for treating gout and high uric acid level.

This disease is increasing in our new world because of our lifestyle. So this can be include  iin life style disorders.

Medicinal management along with the dietary management will help you to relieve the symptoms. Early diagnosis and management is always helpfull.

I hope this article was informative and helpfull to you all.

Thank you.

Referance:

API text book of medicine, 10th edition.