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Monitoring control and data acquisition systems allow some
operator to monitor the HV generation and transmission system. suitable for
principles of high reliability and safety features, electric utilities almost have
universally adopt a redundant dual digital computer set for the functions of
remote data acquisition control, power management and system security. Both
the computer has its own central memory and controls a large number of inputs-
output devices such as printers, telecommunication machines, tape and disc drives, etc.
above.
Usually a computer, online, monitoring and control devices
energy systems. The backup computer can run batch programs offline like
compared to the load forecast for the hydrothermal distribution. Periodic online calculator
Updates shared disk memory between two computers.
During a failover or wake-up command, the stored information of
The shared disk is inserted into the online computer memory.
Information used by online computers has a maximum age of
update cycle. Figure shows a detailed block diagram of a typical digital computer
control and monitor electrical systems.
All peripheral devices are interfaced with the computer using
the input-output microprocessors have also been programmed to communicate
such as preprocessing similar information, checking limits, converting to another system of
unit and so on. The microprocessor can transfer data into and out of computer memory with
processing unit. Follow these precautions, for all critical equipment
functions, typically with guaranteed availability of 99.8% or more. Software too
allow multilevel hardware failures and application program initialization, if
failures happen. Important activities and functions are maintained for
preventive maintenance or repair.
Besides the hardware, new digital code to control the system can be compiled and
tested in a spare computer, then went online. Digital
Computers are usually operated in a fixed cyclical mode, with priority
interrupt in which the computer periodically performs a list of operations. The
the most important functions have the fastest scan cycles. Examples are as follows
catalogs are scanned every two seconds Most low priority programs can be run by the operator on demand for research
purpose or to initialize the electrical system. An operator can also change
computer code is executing if system. Computer software compilers and
data handler designed to flexibly and easily accept operator input
change parameters in the system. Thankyou for your love and support, do this for every day and every second and like and share and follow-up