The Golden Ratio is also known as the divine ratio or divine section is basically an irrational number , generally denoted by the greek letter phi,and equals to 1.618.

The golden ratio  in simple terms is a ratio of a line segment into two pieces of different lengths such that the ratio of the whole segment to that of the longer segment is equal to the ratio of the longer segment to the shorter segment.

The name “The Golden Ratio” was firstly coined by “Martin Ohm”in the 1800s.It is believed that he was the first person to discover this ratio and its striking properties.

Its generally accepted that the ratio of 1by3 to 2by3 is the most aesthetically pleasing divisions of the space,and thats called the golden ratio.Many Famous architects and artist use this concept in their works and projects.

Mathematicians have studied the properties of the golden ratio like its various properties In geometry ,its appearance in the dimensions of a regular pentagon,etc.The golden ratio has akso been used to study the proportions of the natural objects as well as manmade systems .Tge goldwn ratio occurs in our nature with a great frequency like in some patterns including leaves amd flower. This ratio often appears in the form of the golden rectangle, in which the ratio of the longer side to the shorter side is the golden ratio.

Many mathematicians since medieval era have spent endless time to the study of this special ratio and its striking properties.

Leonardo da vinci also  had been associated with the golden ratio.He has used this divine ratio in his many works like in mona lisa painting.The association of Lonardo da vinci with this golden section was popularised through the famous culture in 2003 by Dan Brown's best selling book “ The Da Vinci Code”.This book has various clues including the golden ratio and the Finonacci series.

Rule of thirds is also a simplification of the golden rule.but its ratio doesn't equals to 1:1.618.Rule of thirds says that when we divide any compostion into Thirds,vertically and horizontally,the key elements should place at the intersection points of lines.Through this l,the final arrangement will be more interesting and pleasing.Its basically a general guideline for how we can create an interesting compostion by just shifting our compositions small elements to the small extent.

The ratio is best approximated by the famous “Fibonacci Numbers"(a never ending sequence starting from 0 to 1).The ratio of sequencial Fibonacci numbers i.e.,2/1,3/2,5/3,etc approaches the golden ratio value i.e.,1.618.Even the higher the Fibonacci numberd,the closest their relationship is to 1.618.

In nature,Flower petals:seed heads,Pinecones,fruits and vegetables ,shells,spiral Galaxies Tree branches all follows the golden ratio.Animal bodies also exhibit same features like dolphin's eye,fins and tails all falls under the golden ratio,honey bees ,ants starfishes are also the examples.

Eye of the peacock feather represents the perfect  golden ratio with respect to beauty and aesthetics.

Most of the attractive faces in the world ,irrespective of their natiomality,race ,sex,have one thing common i.e.,the proportion of various elements in the face basically fits in a 1:1.618 ratio whuch known as the Golden Ratio and our brain subconsciously attracred by that things which fits into this ratio.

In architecture,The simplest way to achieve sence of balance into a structure or building is to base it off the principles of the golden rectangle.A golden rectange   signifies any shape that can be wholly divided into a square and a rectangle that when combined,results a ratio of 1:1.618.

Ancient Greek architecture used the golden section or divine proportion to determine the pleasing dimensional relationship between the width of the building and its height,the size of the portico and even the locations of the coloums and pillars supporting the structure.

This ratio is even called as the Most Beautiful Number in the universe.