NUMBER SYSTEM IN COMPUTER

A method or the technique to represent and work with numbers is called Number System.
A writing system for expressing numbers in a mathematical notation of a given set using digits or symbols in a proper manner is called a Number System or System of Numeration.

The same Sequence or manner of symbols or digit may represent different values in different number system.

 e.g.,  11 represent eleven number in decimal number system while it represent 3 in binary number system.

 TYPES OF NUMBER SYSTEM

There are many number system but most popular four number system listed below:

1.       Decimal number System

2.       Binary Number System

3.       Octal Number System

4.       Hexa-Decimal  Number System

 

DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM

Ø  Decimal Number System uses ten digits or symbols (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) to represent data.

Ø  It is a positional value system. (It means that value of a digit in different places have different values)

e.g. we have three number (541, 357, 985). In all three number we have 5 and in different places and have different values.

Ø  This number system that we use in our day to day life.

Ø  It consists 10 digits so, it has base 10 number system.

Ø  In computing, the binary, octal, hexa-decimal number systems are preferred over decimal number system because implementing of decimal number system in digital equipment is difficult.

BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM

Ø  Numbers of these System have base 2.

Ø  In this System have only two digits or symbols (0, 1).

Ø  It is a positional value system.

Ø  Each digit (0 or 1) is equivalent to a bit.

Ø  This Number System is used by Digital Equipment’s like computers etc., because it is easiest to vary instruction through only two electric signals is two state system on and off:

Ø  ON means 1 and OFF means 0.

Ø  0 (ZERO) is not actually no signal but signal with lower voltage.

OCTAL NUMBER SYSTEM

Ø  It consists of 8 digits or symbols (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7).

Ø  It has base 8.

Ø  It is a positional value system.

Ø  Each digit has its expressed in power of 8:

HEXA-DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM

Ø  This system consists of 16 symbols (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A or a, B or b, C or c, D or d, E or e, F or f).

Ø  A = 10, B = 11, C = 12, D = 13, E = 14, F = 15.

Ø  It has base 16.

Ø  Each Hexa-Decimal digits or Symbols represent four binary digits or symbols also known as nibble which is half of byte.