INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION(Part 1)

1. Stone Age(Paleolithic) (30000BCE-10000BCE)
2. Middle Stone Age(Mesolithic) (10000BCE-8000BCE)
3. New Stone Age(Neolithic) (8000-3000)

• Haunting was the main living source
• 36000BCE back, human had become in form, known as Homo-Sapiens
• First pet was Dog in middle stone age
• Human knew about fire from old stone age, but used it in New stone age
• The institute of stone age culture was established by Robert Bose Foot in India(1863)
• Bone weapons were found from Bihar in New Stone Age
• First metal used- Cooper
• Wheel was introduced - New Stone Age
• Agriculture was introduced - New Stone Age
• Clues of agriculture was found from - Mehargarh(West of INDUS River)

AREA:

From West to East - Dasst River,Balochistan(Pak Border) to Alamgarh. Meerut (UP) Distance-1600km

From North to South - Manda,ChenabRiver(J and K) to Daimabad, Godavari River(Maharashtra) Distance - 1400km

SOME IMPORTANT SITE OF INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION

1. HARAPPA :

• Location - Montgomery (Punjab)
• River - Raavi
• Year - 1921
• Excavation - Dayaram Sahni
• Findings - Granaries,Coffin burials,IVC town,first town which is excavated and studies in detail

2. MOHENJODARO:

• Location _ Sindh, Punjab
• River - Sindhu River
• Year- 1922
• Excavation- Rakhal Das Banerjee
• Finding- Great bath, great granary, Bronze dancing girl,Bearded Man,Teracotta toys,Bull Seal,Pashupati Seal,cylindrical seals of the Mesopotamian type, a piece of women cloth.

3. CHANHUDARO :

• Location - Sindh,Pakistan
• River- Sindhu river
• Year - 1924
• Excavation- Gopal MAzumdar
• Findings - Bead making factory use of lipstick,black liner, comb
• Fashion Related

4. ROPAD :

• Location - Punjab
• River- Sutlej
• Year- 1953-55
• Excavation- Yagyadutta Sharma
• Findings - Buried Of Dog With Man

5. LOTHAL:

• Location - Ahmadabad, guj
• River - Bhogwa
• Year - 1955-62
• Excavation - Rangnath Rao
• Findings - Bead making Factory, Dockyard, Button Seal,Fire Altars,Painted Jar,Earliest Cultivation of rice,Set of elephant teeth

6. KALIBANGA :

• Lcation - Sri Gangamaga, Rajasthan
• River - Ghagar
• Year- 1961
• Excavation - Brij Basi Lal, BAl Krishna Thappar
• Findings - Baked/burnt Bangles, Fire altars, Shiva Lingaam, Small circular pits containing large curves and accompained pottery, bones of camel

7. DHOLAVIRA :

• Location - Kutch, Gujarat
• River- Ghagar
• Findings - Bullocks driven by a nude human, water harvesting and number of reservoirs, use of rocks for constructions.
• Excavation - JP Joshi 
• Year - 1967

8. BANAWALI :

• Location - Fatehbad (Haryana)
• Findings - Barley, Teracotta Figure of plough
• Excavation - RS Bisht
• Year - 1921-23
• Year- 1929-1931