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I'm going to tell you about an interesting fact about vit niacin.

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Objectives:

Introductions, Dietary source,

Recommended dietary allowance(RDA)

Absorption, digestion, storage & transport 

Biochemical function, Dietary manifestation 

INTRODUCTIONS:

  Vitamin B3 also knows as Niacin or nicotinic acid It is a water soluble vitamin not stored in body excreted in urine Also known as Pellagra Preventive factor of Gold berg😇

Dietary source:

The rich sources of niacin Liver, yeast, whole grains, cereals, pulse like beans and peanuts, milk, fish, eggs and vegetables are moderate sources. Most of the requirement is met by conversion of tryptophan to niacin. 60mg of tryptophan yields 1mg of niacin.

RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCE (RDA):

 The daily required of  niacin for     Children 10-15mg/day     Adult  Male  15-20mg/day    Adult  Female 13-15mg/day   

Absorption, digestion, storage & transport:

In the liver, excess niacin and tryptophan are converted to NAD and stored in small amounts not bound to enzymes. NAD may be degraded to yield nicotinamide, which then is available for transport to other tissues. NAD is found primarily in its oxidized from (NAD+), NADP is found in cells mainly in its reduced from (NADPH)

Biochemical functions

 The coenzymes NAD+ and NADP+ are involved in a variety of oxidation – reduction reaction. A large number of enzymes belonging to the class “oxidoreductase” are dependent on NAD+ or NADP+ NAD+ and NADP+ participate in almost all the metabolism (carbohydrate , lipid, protein etc) Involved in electron transport chain to generate ATP. NAD+ It is an oxidative pathway TCA Glycolysis

NADP+ 

   It is a reductive or Synthetic pathway    cholesterol synthesis   FA synthesis 

Deficiency manifestation 

 Reduced or decreased dietary intake of vitamin Malabsorption vitamin Liver cirrhosis or alcoholic liver damage in these conditions vitamin deficiency will occur. 

Deficiency manifestation in niacin 

NIACIN DEFICIENCY RESULT IN A CONDITION CALLED PELLAGRA (ROUGH SKIN) Pellagra is caused by the deficiency of Tryptophan as well as Niacin. The symptoms of pellagra are commonly referred to as three Ds   DERMATITIS         Inflammation of skin .DIARRHEA Irritation / inflammation of mucous membranes .DEMENTIA Confused disoriented,death 

Mother brought a 4years old malnourished child to hospital with complain of loose motion, irrational behaviour and rash around neck. In dietary history-they take predominantly jowar and maize in diet 1. what is your probable diagnosis? 2. Mention the coenzymes of deficient compound.Diagnosis – pellagra due to Niacin deficiency In jowar leucine content is high that inhibit QPRT in tryptophan to niacin synthesis In Maize- niacin is unavailable to body as it is in bound form Coenzymes- NAD , NADP