Nagoya -

Kuala  

Lumpur  

Protocol

-Fair And Equitable  

Sharing Of Benefits

Arising From The  

Utilisation Of Genetic  

Resources ,Thereby  

Contributing The To The  

Conservation And  

Sustainanble Use Of  

Biodiversity.

India Has  

Commited $50  

Million Towards  

Strengthening  

Institutional  

Mechanism For  

Biodiversity  

Conservation .,  

Hyderabad  

Pledge (Cop11)

Legally Binding -Nagoya Protocol Addresses  

Traditional Knowledge  

Associated With Genetic  

Resources With Provisions  

On Access ,Benefit Sharing  

And Compliance.

-It Will Create Greater Legal  

Certainity And Transparency.

4 United Nations  

Framework  

Convention On  

Climate Change

(Unfccc)

1992

-To Reduce Atmospheric  

Concentration Of Green  

House Gases.

India Is A  

Signatory ,  

Ratified In 1993.

The Nodal Agency  

In India For  

UNFCCC Is  

MOE&FCC.

Not Legally  

Binding

Kyoto Protocol Was  

Negotiated Under This.

Supreme Decision Making  

Body (Conference Of Parties)  

Meets Annually To Asses  

The Progress In Addressing  

The Climate Challenge .

A)

Kyoto Protocol

-It ‘Operationalise’ The  

Convention.(Unfccc)

-Sets Binding Emission  

Targets For 37  

IndustrialisedCoutries

And The European  

Community In Its First  

Commitment Period.

Only Binds  

Developed  

Countries Because  

Of The ‘Common  

But  

Differentiated  

Responsibility’.

1.Emission Reduction  

Commitments.

2.Flexible Market  

Mechanism

 Joint Implimentation

 Clean Development  

Mechanism

 Emission Trading

B) Paris Climate -To Hold The Increase In  

Global Average  

India Is A Party -Nationaly Determined.   

United Nations  

Conference On  

Environment And  

Development  

(Unced)

Rio Summit Or  

Earth Summit

1992

-Systemic Srutiny Of  

Patterns Of Production Of  

Toxic Components Or  

Poisonous Waste.

-Alternate Source Of  

Energy To Replace The  

Use Of Fossil Fuel.

-Growing Scarcity Of  

Water

-New Reliance On Public  

Transportation Systems  

Inorder To Reduce  

Vehicle Emissions.

2 Important  

Legally Binding  

Agreements;

1.Convention On  

Biodiversity (Cbd)

2. Convention To  

Combat  

Desertification  

(Unccd)

Earth Summits;

1. Earth Summit 1992

 Important Outcomes

a. Rio Declaration

b. Agenda 21

c. Forest Principles

 Conventions  

Opened For  

Signature;

a. Unccd

b. Uncbd

c. Unfccc

2. Earth Summit 2002  

(Johannesburg)

3.Earth Summit 2012 (Rio  

De Janeiro)

2 United Nation  

Conventions To  

To Combat Desertification

And Mitigate The Effects  

Of Drought& Land  

India Is Member.

India First Time  

Sole Legally

Binding

International  

World Day To Combat  

Desertification And Drought  

; 17th June.