Gravitational waves are When electric charges which shift up and down, they produce electromagnetic radiation. In similar way, the general theory of relativity Predict that the shift of massive object should produce gravitational waves or gravitational radiation.

So in a way, the gravitational waves might be similar to the electrical waves Or the electrical field that  we normally understand, these gravitational waves produced ripples in the space time, it is similar to the ripples in water, that travel across space time at the speed of light.

How are The gravitational waves produce?

the most powerful gravitational waves are created when object move at very high speed.

Some examples of events that would cause the gravitational waves are:-

1.When is star explodes asymmetrically example: - Supernova.

2. When two big stars orbit each other.

3.When two black holes Orbit each other and merge.

Then the gravitational waves is produced.

· In 2016, We finally observed gravitational waves which are produced from the merger of two neutron stars.

So, the question is now how we detect these gravitational waves?

We detect these gravitational wave through LIGO.

· LIGO Stands for laser interferometer gravitational waves observatory.

·    It says that scientists detected Gravitational waves for the very first time and they used a very sensitive instrument called LIGO.

·So, when the gravitational waves passes by earth , it squeezes And stretches space and LIGO Can detect these squeezing and stretching of space. As each LIGO observatory Has 2 arms that are more than 4 km Long and a passing gravitational waves causes the length of the arms To slightly change.

·  And these observatory uses lasers, mirrors and extremely sensitive instruments to detect these tiny changes which are caused due to gravitational waves.

· So, this is how a gravitational wave which was occurring in millions and billions light away is detected by LIGO.

Now, in that sense it is very important to know that there are some operational and planned laser based gravitational  waves observatories Which are called LIGO .

· KAGRA In Japan where LIGO Is an operational.

· GEO600 and VIRGO which are operational in Europe.

·  LIGO Hanford, LIGO Livingston.

·   And if we talk about India A LIGO Has been planned in the hangoli district of Maharashtra.

·  As per a A new study of LIGO and Vergo detector In Europe scientists have announced the discovery of an object which is 2.6 solar masses , this place is the object firmly In the mass gap between black hole as well as neutron star. this particular object found on August 14, 2019 as it merged with a black hole and it generated a splash of gravitational waves detected back on earth by LIGO and VIRGO.

·  Recently, stochastic gravitational waves are detected. These stochastic Gravitational waves are those which are come from one particular event like merger of black holes.