Meenakshi Amman Temple, also known as Minakshi-Sundareshwara Temple, is one of the oldest and most important temples in India. Located in the city of Madurai, the temple holds great historical and mythological significance. It is believed that Lord Shiva took the form of Sundareswarar (beauty) and married Parvati (Meenakshi) at the site where the temple now stands. Famous for its beautiful architecture, Meenakshi Temple was named one of the wonders of the world, but did not make it to the list of "seven wonders of the world". However, the temple is definitely one of the "wonders of India". It is also one of the major attractions in South India with thousands of devotees flocking here every day. During the "Festival of Tirukalyanam", which takes place over a period of 10 days, the temple attracts over a million devotees. Although many people visit each day, the temple is very well maintained and has been dubbed the "best Swachh site" (cleanest landmark) in India.

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Myths

According to legend, Meenakshi emerged from a 'Yajna' (holy fire) when she was three years old. 'Yajna' was performed by a king named Malayadwaja Pandya with his wife Kanchanamalai. Since the royal couple had no children, the king prayed to Lord Shiva, asking him to give them a son. But to their disappointment, a girl with three breasts appeared from the holy flame. When Malayadwaja and his wife expressed concern about the girl's unusual appearance, a divine voice commanded them not to worry about the girl's appearance. They also learned that the girl's third breasts would disappear as soon as she met her future husband. The relieved king appointed Miss Meenakshi and in due time crowned her as his successor.

Meenakshi ruled the ancient city of Madurai and also continued to conquer neighboring kingdoms. Legend has it that she even captured Indralok, the abode of Lord Indra, and was also on her way to capture Kailash, the abode of Lord Shiva. When Shiva appeared in front of her, Meenakshi's third breast disappeared and she knew she had met her better half. Shiva and Meenakshi return to Madurai, where their marriage takes place. The wedding is said to be attended by all the gods and goddesses. Since Parvati herself took the form of Meenakshi, Lord Vishnu, Parvati's brother, entrusted her to Lord Shiva. Even today, the wedding ceremony is held annually as 'Chithirai Thiruvizha', also known as 'Tirukalyanam' (Great Wedding Ceremony).

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History

The history of Meenakshi Temple dates back to the 1st century AD, with scholars claiming it is as old as the city itself. It is said that Kulashekarar Pandyan, a king who ruled the Pandyan dynasty, built the temple as directed by Lord Shiva in his dream. Several religious texts from the 1st to 4th centuries AD speak of the temple and describe it as the central structure of the city. Texts from the early 6th century describe the temple as a place where scholars met to discuss important matters. However, the temple as it is today was rebuilt during the 16th century as it was destroyed by Muslim invaders.

During the 14th century AD, Malik Kafur, a commander of the Delhi Sultanate, led his army to most of southern India and looted many temples including the famous Meenakshi Temple. Valuables, such as gold, silver and precious stones, were transported to Delhi. Since the temples of that time had a lot of valuables, most of the temples were destroyed and