Known by both names, Tutankhamun[a] or Tutankhamen[b], was an Egyptian pharaoh who ruled from approximately 1332 to 1323 BC, in the latter part of the Eighteenth Dynasty. He was probably the son of Akhenaten, the mummy known as KV55, and was born Tutankhaten. DNA tests revealed his mother to be The Younger Lady, interred in KV35; she was her husband's full sister…

At the age of nine, Tutankhamun assumed the throne after the brief reigns of his predecessors, Smenkhkare and Neferneferuaten. Ankhesenpaaten, his half-sister, whom he married, was most likely the mother of his two little daughters. During his rule, he reversed the Atenian theological movement and reinstated the previous polytheistic form of ancient Egyptian religion.

His cult renovations and endowments were documented on the Restoration Stela. The royal pair adopted the names "Tutankhamun" and "Ankhesenamun" in place of the -aten suffix, and the worship of the deity Amun at Thebes was once again prominent. He also relocated the royal court back to Memphis from Akhenaten's capital, Amarna. He conducted military operations in Nubia and the Near East and restored diplomatic ties with the Mitanni. During his reign, Tutankhamun was one of the rare monarchs who was revered as a god. The youthful king most likely started building a mortuary temple and a royal tomb in the Valley of the Kings, but neither structure was completed when he passed away,,,

Around the age of 18, Tutankhamun passed quite suddenly; there has been much discussion over his health and the reason for his demise. It was proposed in 2012 that his death was caused by a complication of leg fracture and malaria. He was interred in a modest, non-royal tomb that had been specially made for him because his royal tomb was unfinished. His vizier Ay succeeded him. When Ay became king, he was probably an elderly man. Horemheb, Tutankhamun's chief general, ended Ay's brief rule. Horemheb accomplished the restoration of the ancient Egyptian religion by usurping the buildings of Ay and Tutankhamun and erasing the earlier Amarna Period monarchs.

Today, Tutankhamun is best remembered for the 1922 discovery of his tomb (KV62), which was financed by British aristocrat George Herbert and headed by British Egyptologist Howard Carter. Despite having been looted long ago, it still contained a large portion of the king's undisturbed mummy. With almost 5,000 artefacts, the discovery garnered international press attention and sparked a resurgence of interest in ancient Egypt, where Tutankhamun's mask—which is currently housed in the Egyptian Museum—remains a beloved icon. A portion of his treasure has toured the globe to a record-breaking degree; beginning in 1961, tours were permitted by the Egyptian government. The "curse of the pharaohs" has been widely invoked to explain the deaths of some of the excavation crew members because of the similarities in their circumstances. Considering…

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