DURING THE COLONIAL PERIODTHE SENSE OF BEING OPPRESSED UNDER COLONIALISM PROVIDED A SHARED BOND TIED MANY DIFFERENT GROUPS TOGETHER.BUT EACH CLASS AND THE GROUP FELT THE EFFECTS OF COLONIALISM DIFFERENTLY,THEIR EXPERIENCES WERE VARIED,AND THEIR NOTIONS OF FREEDOM WERE NOT ALWAYS SAME.THE CONGRESS UNDER MAHATMA GANDHI TRIED TO FORGE THESE TOGETHER WITHIN ONE MOVEMENT BUT THE UNITY DIDNOT EMERGE WITHOUT CONFLICT.

IMPACT OF WORLD WAR ONE INDIA:-

• it has created a new socio and economic condition
• there was a huge rise in defense expenditure which was being financed by increasing war loans custom duties and income tax was also being introduced
• the village peoples were called upon to supply millatory and forced recuirement 
• the prices of goods have also been doubled which leads to the hardships of the common people
• in the year of 1918-1919 and 1920-1921 there were crop failures in several parts of the country which was being accompanied by the influenza . according to 1921 census about 12 to 13 million peoples have been died.

Mahatma gandhi had reached in india in jan 1915 and he had spread the idea of satyagrah over the large no. of peoples. the basic idea behind the satyagrah is power of truth and need to search for truth.a satyagrahi could win the battle through non violence and ultimately there is triumph of truth over violence

Gandhi ji had spread satyagrah among the peoples of vaious regions of our country from champaran in bihar to kheda in gujrat and manchestar of india ahemdabad in gujrat for various classes of the society.

ROWLATT ACT:-

these act had been passed by imperial legaslative council which was the assembly of whites only despite of united opposition of indian members.these law has been passed in the year of 1919 which had given enormous power the britishers  and the colonial gov had passed a new law called martial law in which it had been prohibited to be in crowd.

in 13 of april1919 the baisakhi festival was organised in amritsar and these was against the martial law as a result thousand numbers of the innocent man women and children had been died in that masscre

• khalifat issue:-gandhi wanted a broad based platform he also  knows that it is not possible until the hindus and muslims are under the same roof therefore he had taken the khalifat issue in which the ottoman turkey had lost by britishers and forced to sign a harsh peace treaty.then the non cooperation movement had been launched.the first congress session took place in december 1920 in kolkata and secound in september in nagpur

this movement had speard over towns and country side such as in awadh ,in gudam hills in a.p,and in inland emigration act in assam.after the chaura chari incident in gorakhpur in UP in 1922 it was called off.

dominion status had been gived in the year of 1929 under lord irwin but it was refused by the redicals leaded by J.L nehru and netajii subhaschandra bose.then the poorna swaraaj had been demanded under the presidensy of j.l nehru

then civil diobidience movement had been passed by demanding 11 demands by mk gandhi but it was refused by irwin in which salt march had started with 78 trusted volunteers from sabarmati aashram to dandi 

there was also the participation of peasants ,poor tenants and industrialists and womens.