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A rainbow is a meteorological phenomenon caused by the reflection, refraction, and scattering of light from water droplets, resulting in the appearance of a spectrum of light in the sky. It has the shape of a colorful arc. Rainbows caused by sunlight always appear in the sky directly opposite the sun.
The rainbow can be a perfect circle. However, the observer usually sees only an arc [1] formed by illuminated droplets on the ground, centered on the line from the Sun to the observer's eyes.
In the primary rainbow, the arc is red on the outside and purple on the inside. This rainbow is caused by refracting light as it enters the water droplet, then reflecting inside the water droplet, and then refracting again as it exits. In the
double rainbow, the second arc is found outside the primary arc, the order of its colors is reversed, and the inside of the arc is red. This is because the light bounces twice inside the drop and then exits.
Double rainbow and excess rainbow inside the primary arc. The shadow of the photographer's head at the bottom shows the center of the rainbow circle (antisolar point).
Overview:
The rainbow is created by the optical illusion caused by water droplets viewed from a specific angle to the light source, rather than at a specific distance from the viewer. Therefore, the rainbow is not an object and cannot be physically approached. In fact, it is impossible for an observer to see a rainbow of water droplets from the opposite direction of the light source at an angle other than the usual 42 degrees. Even if one observer sees another observer who appears to be "below" or "end" of the rainbow, the second observer sees another rainbow (further) at the same angle as the first observer. You will see.
Visibility:
You can observe the rainbow whenever there are water droplets in the air and the sun is shining behind the observer at a low elevation angle. For this reason, rainbows are usually found in the western sky in the morning and in the eastern sky in the evening. The most spectacular rainbow display occurs when the observer is in a clear sky location facing the sun, with half of the sky still hidden by rain clouds. The result is a bright rainbow that stands out against a dark background. With such good visibility, large but weak secondary rainbows are often seen. It looks about 10 ° outside the primary rainbow and the color order is reversed.
The various appearance of the beautiful rainbow 🌈…….✨
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