Nano technology or the Nano chips or the Nano tech in short is the technology that involves manipulation of matter and atomic, sub atomic, molecular skills that include particles on a scale of 1 to 100 nm.
Talking about its origin, the concept behind the principle was originated in a talk entitled “ There is plenty of room at the bottom”. The term Nano technology was coined by the late Professor Norio Taniguchi of the Tokyo Science University in 1981. The scanning Tunneling microscope was invented which helped the humans to see the atoms at the individual level. This and the emission of atomic force microscope made it possible for Nanotechnology to become a reality.
Talking about its uses, the first one being in electronics. The Nano RAM or the Random Access Memory that we use is based on carbon Nano tubes fitted on small chips, this can be found in our cell phones, laptops, desktops. Other use would be in medical science, in medical science it is used as Nano tech detectors or heart attack, Nano chips to check veins and artilleries, Nano carriers for eye surgeries, chemotherapy, Nano particles for drug delivery to the brain or other neurological disorders. It can also be used to detect cancerous cells. It is also used in energy as well, the solar winds or the photo voltaic winds can eventually replace the solar panels and enable it to capture more energy from he sun. It can be used on both houses as well as cars. Nano batteries can also be used to charge the lithium batteries which can last for a really long time. Nano generators can bend and harness more potential power. It is also used in agriculture and food industries, it is used as Nano fertilizers, Nano emulsions, Nano particles, used as anti micro kill agents for the crops and hybrid polymers used in packaging to make the food last longer and prevent it from spoiling.
Nano technology in India, the research started in 2001 with a budget of only 60 crore but in 2007 the Government came up with a five year Nano technology plan in which they decided to increase the budget to over 1000 crore rupees. Many departments were brought in for their contribution to the research, departments such as IT, DRDO, Department of biotechnology, counsel of scientific and industry research. the result of this initiative was that India was able to publish twenty three thousand papers in Nano science and got third rank with the papers published in 2018 behind USA and China.
The concerns are that Indians are not able to spend much amount of money towards this technology as is spend by the other other population according to the need. Out of the twenty three thousand papers published only 1% that is only 16-23 were able to make it to the actual publication. Very few students take up this field as path towards their carrier, and the private sectors also has very less contribution towards this cause.
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