Health and diseases:
Health is a complete state of complete physical, mental , social and physiological well being.
Helath increases longetivity of people and reduces infant and naternal mortality rate.
Healthy people are efficient to work.
Any condition which interferes with the normal functioning of the body and causes disorder of mind or body is called diseases.
We could have a good health by following the following steps:
Awareness about the diseases and their effects on different body functions.
Vaccination and immunisation against infectious disease.
Control of the vectors.
Proper disposal of waste or excreta.
Consumption of clean food and drinking water
Regular exercise of yoga.
Beside personal cleanliness and hygiene, public health measures like proper disposal of waste, decontamination of drinking water, control of vectors like the mosquitoes and immunisation are very much helpful in preventing these diseases.
There are two types of diseases . They include the following:
Communicable or infectious disease :
These are easily transmitted from one infected person to the other.
Such diseases are due to extrinsic factors that is called pathogens.
For example Typhoid, cholera, HIV, tetanus and hepatitis - B.
Non communicable or non infectious disease:
These are not transmitted from one person to the other .
Extrinsic as well as intrinsic factors, like defeciencies and hereditary factors can cause these diseases.
For example, heart disease, cancer and influenza.
Common infectious disease :
Depending on the pathogens, infectious diseases are as follows:
Diseases like typhoid, cholera, pneumonia, fungal infection of skin , malaria and many others are a major cause of distress to human beings.
The disease causing organisms are called pathogens.
Pathogens enter human body by direct contact, droplet infection, contaminated food and water and in some cases transplacentation during foetal stages.
Typhoid and cholera are transmitted by faeco oral route by the ingestion of contaminated water and food.
Pneumonia and common cold are transmitted by air and are more common during winter seasons. Fungal infection of skin are mainly transmitted by direct contact and these thrive during hot and humid seasons of the year.
Vector borne diseases like malaria especially one caused by plasmodium falciparum, if not treated, may be fatal.
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