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Portuguese Period & Gaining Statehood

Goa became part of Adil Shah's Bijapur Sultanate, which established Goa velha as its second capital. The former ‘Secretariat’ building in Panji is the former Adil Shahi Palace.

It was later taken by owner by Portuguese Viceroys as their official residence. The Portuguese rule in Goa lasted for as long as 450 years. While the Portuguese were ruling Goa, their country itself was ruled by Spain from the late 16th century for a period of 60 years.  The Portuguese explorer Vasco Da Gama landed in Calicut after setting off from Lisbon in 1498.

This discovery and establishment of new sea route to India around Cape Of Good Hope gave Portuguese monopoly over the international trade. In 1510 Portuguese Admiral Afonso De Albuquerque attacked Goa and after initially failing, took possession of Goa  from Ismail Adil Shah on 25 November, 1510. Kneeling in the public square, he dedicated Goa to St. Catherine whose feast was on that day and then, Goa became the jewel of the Portugal's eastern empire. Once established in Ela, they began a religious conquest, aiming to convert  Hindus to Christians that had remained in the city.

Goa reached its peak culturally & economically by the end of 16th century. Regions of Goa, Daman and Diu, Dadar and Nagar Haveli became collectively Known as “Estado Do India Portuguesa”. 

But every empire has its declining phase. Maratha wars of 1739 destabilized the Portuguese stronghold in India. When India became independent in 1947, Goa remained under the Portuguese control.

On 16 December 1961, Indian troops entered into Goa and Operation Vijay began. Resulted in unconditional surrender of Portuguese Force on 19 December 1961. Then Goa was declared UT first then in 1987 as a state. 

In 1510, the Portuguese defeated the ruling Bijapur Sultan Yusuf Adil Shah with the help of a local ally, Timoji, a privateer. They set up a permanent settlement in Velha Goa. This was the beginning of Portuguese colonial rule in Goa that would last for four and a half centuries, until its annexation to India in 1961.

Goa has many tales to tell, its way more than just beautiful beaches and party scenes.

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