Hello fellow bloggers! I am here with a brand new topic. Biodiversity is basically the short form of biological diversity. It means the variability among various living organisms from different sources. Diversity is the beauty of nature and biodiversity is the source of various fruit, fibres, timber, medicines and many more utilities. Are the measure importance of biodiversity for us:

• Biodiversity serves as a valuable natural resources of agriculture and allied sciences.
• Biodiversity is very important for a stable and healthy ecosystem. Biodiversity is an effective instrument to make sure the optimum utilisation of abiotic resources of our ecosystem.
• There are various aesthetic and cultural values associated with biodiversity such as bird watching, wildlife, pet keeping, gardening, eco-tourism and many more.

But we have come across various threats to our biodiversity and natural losses because of several reasons. These reasons are : 

1. Pollution : which includes eutrophication that is water pollution and other environmental pollution such as air pollution, noise pollution, soil pollution, etc.
2. Natural calamities like earthquakes, Tsunami, floods, droughts, volcanic eruptions, forest fires,earthquakes, epidemics, etc. 
3. Destruction of habitat : it is the basic reason for the loss of biodiversity ecosystem. Destruction of habitat is caused due to population explosion, rapid industrialisation, cutting of trees, urbanization, etc.
4. Invasion of various exotic species. For example water hyacinth was introduced in India for his beauty but it is now causing serious threats to the aquatic species in water bodies.
5. Shifting cultivation or jhum cultivation.

To avoid unnecessary losses of biodiversity it is very important to conserve them. Protect rare and threatened species to avoid their extinction from our environment. So there are two methods of conservation of biodiversity which are - 

In-situ conservation : It is the conservation of biodiversity in its natural habitat. This includes - 

1. Wildlife sanctuary : It is an area constituted by competent authority in which killing as well as capturing the wildlife is prohibited without permission.
2. National parks : It is a reserve of area which is owned by the national government and protected from human development and any other human involvement.
3. Biosphere reserve : It is an area of terrestrial and coastal ecosystem.
4. World heritage sites/ National monuments and cultural landscapes/ sacred groves.

Ex-situ conservation : It is the conservation outside the natural habitat. It involves :

1. Germplasm banks are gene banks.
2. Pollen Bank/ semen or ovum Bank/ tissue culture/ DNA banks.
3. Botanical garden - Arboreta/ Herbal garden.
4. Nurseries
5. Zoological parks or zoos.