MEANING OF AGEING:-

Ageing is that stage of life when a person's is physically and functional abilities gradually decrease. Ageing is a natural progress of gradual decrease in the body's functional capacity and the degeneration of its physical structure. It is marked by deterioration of organ and tissue that affect all human beings in degrees after certain age.  This process is genetically determined and affected by environmental factor, Such as diet, exercise, sunlight, pollutants, gravity and contamination by microbes etc. It is a irreversible physical change brought on by passage of time and cannot be reversed.

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES DUE TO AGEING:-

Various physiological functions reches their peak approximately during 2o to 30 year of age. Studies conducted in the field so that most of the systems of functions after reaching their peak start decreasing gradually with age. There are various physiological changes which occur in the body due to ageing process.

Following are some of the major physiological changes due to ageing:-

1. EFFECT ON HEART:-  Our heart pumps all day and night whether we are awake or sleep. Due to aging blood vessels lose their elasticity fatty deposit build up against artery walls and the heart has to work harder to circulate the blood through the body. This can lead to high blood pressure (hypertension) and at atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries).

2. EFFECT ON BONES, MUSCLE AND. JOINT:- Due to aging bone shrink in size and density. Some people actually become shorter others are more prone to fracture because of loss in bone density muscles, tendons and joint may lost strength and flexibility.

3. EFFECT ON DIGESTIVE SYSTEM:- Swallowing and digestive reflexes slow down with growing age. Swallowing may become harder as the esphogus contracts less forcefully. The flow of the secretions that have digest food in the stomach liver, pancreas and small intestine  may also be reduced. The reduced Flow may result in digestive issues that were not present during the younger days.

4. EFFECT ON BRAIN AND NERVOUS SYSTEM:- Due to growing age people naturally losses cell. This is even true in the brain. Memory losses occur because of the number of brain cells decrease, the brain can compensate for this loss by increasing the number of connection between cells to preserve brain function. Reflexes may slow down destruction is more likely and coordination is affected.

5. EFFECT ON WEIGHT:- Decreasing level of physical activity and a slowing metabolism may contribute to weight gain. Your body may not be able to burn off as many calories as it was scored and those extra calories will end up being stored as fat.

So this is all about the factor ageing. therefore, it is imperative to do regular exercise in order to be physically active and have a healthy lifestyle during old age.