For many people, history is dry and boring; it smells of dust settled on old books in libraries. However, history can be every exciting. It is very important to know a lot about the past because by doing so we can understand today's world better. It is not as important to learn the dates and the years of events as it is to understand the cause of such events. History then becomes very interesting, no matter whether you are learning about Egypt or China, the Roman Empire, or the Persian wars. It's also interesting to know why so much knowledge of earlier times was forgotten in the medieval ages. After the medieval period, everything developed at a very fast pace - the industry, weapons, and so on. We can learn about our history like questions and answers.

How did humans live in the stone age?         The Homo Habilis or the skilful humans developed about 2.5 million years ago. They produced stone tools, lived in small groups, and moved from one place to another like nomads, when food became scarce. After mastering the fire, humans wandered to the cooler Europe and Asia. Humans learnt to cultivate the land and keep the cattle and pets. The stone age ended when humans learnt to obtain metals from the ores.

What is an advanced civilization?       Advanced civilization are societies that started thinking about a lot of other things than just simply gathering food very early in time. They had cities, and a division of work among the people. Advanced civilizations developed the calendar and laid the foundation for many science. A total of 25 advanced civilizations include those of the Sumerians, Babylonians, and Assyrian in Mesopotamia.

How and where did the first cities originate?

 Individual settlements became cities when humans were able to produce more food than needed. The population also increase, so more artisans were needed. With the construction of palaces for rulers and huge temples, the cities became important centres in which writers, officers, soldiers, and priests lived and had a lot of influence on people. The oldest cities whose remains have been found are Jericho in Palestine ( around 9000 BC ) and Çatal Hüyük in Turkey ( around 6000 BC) 

Who were the Babylonians?

The Babylonians lived in Mesopotamia, the land between the two rivers, Euphrates and Tigris in Iraq. They followed the advance cultures of the Sumerians and the Assyrains. 

What was the Indus valley civilization?

Indus is a large river in eastern Pakistan, near the border of India. The Indus valley civilization flourished from 4th to the middle of the 2nd century BC in the valleys of this river and its tributaries. It was the earliest and the biggest civilization of the world.

Which advanced civilizations were there in America?

There were several advanced civilizations in middle America, i.e., in the countries between Mexico and  Panama. For instance, the Mayas settled along the Atlantic coast of Mexico and Guatemala in 3000 BC. Their civilization also perished by around AD 950 for unknown reasons. After AD 1300 the Aztecs ruled over Mexico, till they were defeated by the Spanish conquerors .

In the medieval period, huge castles and cathedrals were built. Knight fought for their kings. Feudal system came into existence.we can discuss about this on the next part.